Migraine is far more than a simple headache. It is a complex neurological disorder involving the trigeminal nerve, inflammatory neuropeptides, and changes in blood vessels surrounding the brain. During an attack, signaling within the trigeminovascular system triggers inflammation and intense pulsating pain, often accompanied by nausea, light sensitivity, sound sensitivity, and visual disturbances known as aura. This video explores the brain mechanisms behind migraine, its historical understanding, and the modern treatments designed to interrupt the neurological cascade that produces the pain.